Visibility / Connection

V*s****ity / C*nn*ct**n

As the internet takes off, sex workers face the collapse of URL and IRL privacy — but also expand their communities, share information, and keep one another safe.

4.
Access and independence

Throughout the late ‘90s and early aughts, more workers moved online and took control of their working conditions. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Expanding access

In the late ‘90s and early aughts, more sex workers migrated online, posting ads on sites like Craigslist and using new templating tools like Macromedia Dreamweaver to create personal sites. Workers gain increased control over their conditions, self presentation, and profits.

Electric blue and red text on a light brown background advertises "full-service sessions" under the headline, "Everything's Kosher"

1997

EVERYTHING’S KOSHER

Source

“For workers, it’s easier to post ads, it’s easier to post content. And then of course, all of a sudden we have selfies. So we’re not relying on managers and we’re not relying on photographers to construct and then post our ads. It gives an entirely different level of independence for what working can be.”

*** Kate D’Adamo,

FOSTA, Section 230 and Digital Gentrification,” 2021

***
A dramatic chiaroscuro photo of a woman's body, lying on her side, has the words "Eros Guide San Francisco" over it

1999

Eros Guide

Source

“One of the things that changed was our ability to work independently, to work without a manager, because we could reach out directly to clients.”

*** Lorelei Lee,

FOSTA, Section 230 and Digital Gentrification,” 2021

***
A scrolling webpage reveals a black and red checkerboard grid of text-based erotic ads

2000

Spectator Classifieds – Messages

Source

“Over the last dozen or so years, the Internet has allowed for a massive shift as far as access goes, and the sex industry has therefore become more accessible to would-be workers and clients. The sex industry has also simultaneously become more private and more exposed, more professional and more of an identifiable culture.”

*** Audacia Ray,

Naked on the Internet: hookups, downloads, and cashing in on Internet sexploration, 2007

***
A simple text webpage shows a series of warnings and a blue text link to "erotic services"

2002

Craigslist Erotic Services

Source

“Would-be Larry Flynts now require only a web-cam, video cameras to upload real-time images to a website, maybe a digital camera, and software ranging from shareware to a $100 commercial package… Where women operate a site, they control their participation, performance, and imagery.”

*** Kimberlianne Podlas,

“Mistresses of Their Domain: How Female Entrepreneurs in Cyberporn Are Initiating a Gender Power Shift,” Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 2000

***
A scrolling animation reveals a long list of text-based escort ads

2001

Metro Classifieds

Source

“Before we applaud new digital technologies for the ostensibly agentic and lucrative potential spaces they create for women, let us realize that these benefits are clearly contingent on the race and nationality of the model.”

*** Dr. Angela Jones,

“For Black Models Scroll Down: Webcam Modeling and the Racialization of Erotic Labor,” Sexuality & Culture, 2015

***
Sinful Search - Find your fantasies here!!
Assfinder
Erotica Search
This is the original WorldSexGuide
Adult Only Have Fun Now!!!
Get Some Pwerno
kMac's 25 Adult Sites
Cyber Beauties
Enter
Adult Yellow Pages X Rated
Cyber Lust
A Touch Of Romance
Adult Pyramid
Red Hot Adult Site of the Day
XXX Site of the Month
Adult Oriented site of the Day
Bianca's Smut Shack
3-D Beauty
The Femdom Webring
Quixotik's Hot Cool Site of the Day
Queer Ring
Big Boobs Site of the Day
Sex-Guide
Beauty's Castle

Personal narratives

The internet provided a place for marginalized workers, who often feel isolated from one another because their work is stigmatized and criminalized, to connect. Once people have these tools they use them to assert their humanity and worth, in all its complexity. Some of this is aimed at customers, and some helps workers find support and community.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

“Sex-worker-advertising sites are increasingly becoming online communities where people hang out to discuss different issues centered on sexuality, but the discussions also deviate from this topic.”

*** Audacia Ray,

Naked on the Internet: hookups, downloads, and cashing in on Internet sexploration, 2007

***
A simple text-based webpage, titled [ASP] alt.sex.prostitution FAQ (1/4)

1997

alt.sex.prostitution

Source

“There were early conversations about sex work in sex work-specific Usenet groups. alt.sex.prostitution was probably the biggest one of those. The first sex worker-only online communities, where we presumed we were just talking to ourselves, were on LiveJournal. A lot of the webcam girl community was focused around LiveJournal, but there were escort and stripper communities there, too.”

*** Melissa Gira Grant,

Digital Stimulation: Sex Invents the Internet,” 2021

***
A photo of porn star Asia Carrera in jeans and a sweatshirt, blowing bubbles, under the headline "Asia's Bulletins!"

2002

Asia’s Bulletins

“There must be some mistake on my birth certificate, because I can’t POSSIBLY be as old as it says! Fer cryin’ out loud, look at me – I bought BUBBLES at the store for my kitties to play with, yet look who wound up getting the biggest kick out of ‘em! LOL!!, Source

“The Web gives us a chance to show our fans who we are, without a journalistic slant painting us to be wanton harlots 24/7”

*** Asia Carrera,

quoted in David Kushner, “Debbie Does HTML,” The Village Voice, October 6, 1998

***
Over a background of lined yellow notebook paper, a gridded calendar has linked numbers for journal entries

1999

JenniJournal

Source

“Sites like livejournal and Blogger’s integration with WordPress granted all sex workers the ability to blog and generate traffic via Google to their websites.”

*** Sinnamon Love,

Digital Stimulation: Sex Invents the Internet,” 2021

***
A simple text-based website titles Christian Sings the Blues: My Strange Life in the Adult Film Business

2007

Christian Sings the Blues

Christian Sings the Blues, an early blog run by porn star Christian XXX. Sinnamon Love credits Christian’s blogging with inspiring her to begin blogging herself. Source

“For a year, Christian XXX blogged every day, and he inspired me to blog every day for a year on MySpace, which is really where I started to curate my brand in talking not just about my work but the things I do for pleasure, like concerts and my personal sex life.”

*** Sinnamon Love,

Sex Workers Built the Internet Roundtable Discussion,” April 22, 2022

***
A video teaser for Sinnamon Love's "Diary of a porn star" that ends with "coming soon"

2003

Welcome to Diaryofapornstar.com

Source

“In a netscape that tends to make invisible the narratives of Black women while it creates their bodies hyper-visual and hyper-accessible, these self-authored professional websites offer exciting, radical possibilities and prompt a variety of vital questions.”

*** Dr. Mireille Miller-Young,

“Sexy and Smart: Black Women and the Politics of Self-Authorship in Netporn,” C’lick me: a netporn studies reader, 2007

***

“Beginning with blogging, there was the ability to actually see into peoples’ lives from the perspective of a worker. There was a demystification and a humanization of experience that was also educational. I didn’t have any community in real life at that point in time. It was because of these digital personas that it even felt safe to consider it as a financial possibility, and also have this safety net and community of people that I literally never have seen in person.”

*** Gabriella Garcia ,

Sex Workers Built the Internet Roundtable Discussion,” April 22, 2022

***

Sources

Expanding Access, grid (left to right, top to bottom):

  1. https://web.archive.org/web/19981212033407/http:/www.thehotzone.com/
  2. https://web.archive.org/web/20000711225710fw_/http:/www.erosguide.com/links/links3.htm
  3. https://web.archive.org/web/19981212033407/http:/www.thehotzone.com/
  4. https://web.archive.org/web/20050428030648/http:/www.worldsexguide.org/WSGMainPage.html
  5. https://web.archive.org/web/20001110060800/http:/www.hunkhunter.com/
  6. https://web.archive.org/web/19961221202007/http:/www.pwerno.inter.net/
  7. https://web.archive.org/web/19970613224229/http:/eronet.com:80/
  8. https://web.archive.org/web/19991013085853/http:/danni.com/danni/index.html
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/19961220110616/http:/eroticpics.com/
  10. https://web.archive.org/web/19961019111341/http:/www.digital.net/sjones/links2.html
  11. https://web.archive.org/web/19961101222226/http:/www.sfdungeon.com/frdo0071.html
  12. https://web.archive.org/web/20020610044429/http:/www.intimatecontacts.net/
  13. https://web.archive.org/web/19970613224229/http:/eronet.com:80/
  14. https://web.archive.org/web/19961221202007/http:/www.pwerno.inter.net/
  15. https://web.archive.org/web/19970110043049/http:/www.cyberlustxxx.inter.net/db/
  16. https://web.archive.org/web/20000229072228fw_/http:/www.erosguide.com/links/links.htm
  17. https://web.archive.org/web/19961030035904/http:/www.bianca.com/
  18. https://web.archive.org/web/19990209024955/http:/www.3d6.com/imain.html
  19. https://web.archive.org/web/19991013024329/http:/maxfisch.com/rings.shtml
  20. https://web.archive.org/web/19970110043049/http:/www.cyberlustxxx.inter.net/db/
  21. https://web.archive.org/web/20001121092000/http:/www.chadconners.net/
  22. https://web.archive.org/web/19970110043049/http:/www.cyberlustxxx.inter.net/db/
  23. https://web.archive.org/web/19961222164948/http:/www.eros.no/english.html
  24. https://web.archive.org/web/19990430033237/http:/www.sleepingbeauty.com/world/esoteric.html

5.
URL/IRL collapse

As the web expanded, online events brought offline consequences, and vice versa. Workers who move online for various reasons (not all positive) find that the internet’s openness comes with drawbacks: harassment, loss of privacy, and the expectation of availability. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Streaming life

In parallel to the technical innovations, largely led by the adult industry, that finally make streaming web video possible, early ‘lifestreamers’ (who are not sex workers) bring about a revolution in living their lives online, in real time. In the process, they demonstrate internet audiences’ insatiable appetite for the intimate minutia of performers’ “real” lives.

Surrounding a photo of Jennifer sitting casually with a cryptic smile, large labeled colorful blobs serve as navigation links

2000

Jennifer: This Is It.

Source

“Initially I bought the camera to update portions of my webpage with pictures of myself. A friend joked that it could be used to do a FishBowl cam, but of a person. The idea fascinated me, and I took off with it. Initially the JenniCAM had an audience of half a dozen of my close friends, and it spread like wildfire from there.”

*** Jennifer Ringley,

Frequently Asked Questions,” JenniCam, 1999

***
A grainy, surveillance-style photo shows a woman lying on her bed, talking on the phone, her face hidden. A watermark is stamped 1998

1998

jennicam.org

“Q: You’re naked sometimes, is this pornography? A: Pornography is in the eye of the beholder. Myself, I do not think this constitutes pornography. Most often, pornography is defined as something explicit which is made with the clear intention of arousing the viewer. Yes, my site contains nudity from time to time. Real life contains nudity. Yes, it contains sexual material from time to time. Real life contains sexual material. However, this is not a site about nudity and sexual material. It is a site about real life.”

*** Jennifer Ringley,

Frequently Asked Questions,” JenniCam, 1999

***

“this site isn’t about sex, but sexuality and SENSUALITY is a PART of this site because that is part of my life. but you’ll see my dogs or me staring at my monitor glassy-eyed more than you’ll see sexual stuff.”

*** Ana Voog,

Anatomy,” Anacam, 2000

***
Against a bright pink background, a stylized, blocky image of a woman with tentacles and wings is flanked by options to enter the site

1999

AnaCam

Source

“i don’t mind people watching, in fact, i find it rather comforting, especially when i’m sleeping..i feel like you are all angels watching over me 🙂 i don’t feel that my privacy is being invaded since i am in control of my cameras and i am choosing to do this.”

*** Ana Voog,

Anatomy,” Anacam, 2000

***
Screenshot of a Q&A with bright purple text on a dark background, with the heading "what is anacam?"

1999

Anacam – “Anatomy”

Source

“it is a window into my house, into my life ( not my life itself, a PICTURE of my life, please note the difference), my art, how i view things. it is a picture updated every 5 minutes showing what i’m doing right now or showing you something i’d like you to see. it is not a surveillance thing or a peeping thing, because i have invited you. sometimes it is more about showing you what is going on INSIDE me than what is going in in my actual physical surroundings. that is why i like to play with the filters and be playful with this medium.”

*** Ana Voog,

Anatomy,” Anacam, 2000

***
A grid of six labeled navigation buttons each shows a cropped portion of ana's face and hands

1999

anacam menu

Source

“ana shares what she chooses, through the filters she sees fit. sometimes the cam will crash and the picture won’t refresh every 30 seconds because the net and computers aren’t perfect. but if this happens, be certain in the fact that we are doing everything within our power to fix it asap. remember, nothing is owed to you but access to ana’s world, which can be as limiting or as expansive as she desires.”

*** Ana Voog,

Legal Statement,” Anacam, 1999

***

“As anacam, I began to experience almost immediately the sort of online bullying that happens to so many women online today. Being a single woman speaking her mind—while being naked, to boot—was a huge taboo. People would tell me that I should know my place. I was stalked and harassed.”

Forced online

And when they get online, they face harassment on a large scale there too. Twin forces of offline gentrification and review sites forced people online. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

“Anonymity on the internet allows people to be their real selves, even if their real self is a troll.”

*** Sinnamon Love,

Sex Workers Built the Internet Roundtable Discussion,” April 22, 2022

***
Screenshot of a simple text-based homepage with the title "the World Sex Guide" in multi-colored letters

2001

The World Sex Guide escort reviews

Source

“Many sex workers who hadn’t turned to the internet willingly were essentially forced online to combat false negative reviews which had the power to disastrously damage their income.”

*** Sofia Barrett Ibarria,

Sex Workers Pioneered the Early Internet—and It Screwed Them Over,” Vice, October 3, 2018

***
Screenshot of a simple text website labeled "The Review Section" with a welcome note and submission guidelines

2001

The World Sex Guide escort reviews

Source

“Quality-of-life crimes in the ‘90s prompted street-based workers to migrate to the internet. People didn’t want sex workers standing around in their neighborhoods, and they would get arrested for loitering or for working on the street. Newspaper ads, and later the internet, allowed a certain segment of privileged populations to be able to advertise very cheaply and work more safely.”

*** Sinnamon Love,

Sexual Gentrification: An Internet Sex Workers Built,” 2021

***
Screenshot of a simple text-based review site, with providers listed with star ratings, names, locations, and type of service

2000

San Francisco Red Book escort ratings

Source

“We could say that peep shows and porn theaters and street-level sex work, particularly those conducted in mixed-use neighborhoods, are being displaced by online ad directories and live cam sites. But more to the point, the Web’s sex markets are flourishing in the vacant spaces left in the wake of gentrification campaigns that imperiled the sex businesses that also called those blocks home.”

*** Melissa Gira Grant,

Playing the Whore: The Work of Sex Work, 2014

***
Below a banner for SF Redbook, a stock photo collage of professional women in business suits accompanies a list of links, including "Submit Review"

2001

San Francisco Red Book

Source

“The old prostitution haunts now crawl with nearly as many police officers as streetwalkers, part of New York City’s continuing assault on ”quality of life” crimes… But while prostitution may be less visible in the city, it is no less prevalent. The Internet, pagers, cellular phones and subterfuges like escort services have enabled more discreet forms of prostitution to thrive beyond the reach of the street-level crackdown.”

*** Kit R. Roane,

“Prostitutes on Wane In New York Streets But Take to Internet,” The New York Times, February 23, 1998

***

Always on

For the people who did move online, the increased independence came with drawbacks that resonate today. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

“Because web camming was still really new in the late ‘90s, websites like iFriends and Cam Girls Live were the early adopters of web cam technology. I had a webcam studio, and we had to run a T1 line into my guest house in order to be able to stream. The technology had not caught up with what we were doing; there were people who were still on 28 K dial up. So training the models to perform on webcam, you had to really train them to move very slowly and almost robotically, so that their image on the other side of the screen would come across fluid.”

*** Sinnamon Love,

Digital Stimulation: Sex Invents the Internet,” 2021

***
A screenshot showing the iFriends logo, where a photograph of a webcam forms the dot over the letter "i," surrounded by links, including "Who's online right now?"

1999

iFriends

Source

“At the time, the idea that someone could emerge out of this mysterious void and speak back to you was mind-blowing. But it requires emotional labor to be present for that interactivity. Nowadays, there is an expectation, and sometimes entitlement, that sex workers be available 24/7.”

*** Tina Horn ,

Sex Workers Built the Internet Roundtable Discussion,” April 22, 2022

***
On a purple background, under the title "Sex Schedule," a calendar grid lists model names, days, and times

1999

Sex Schedule

Source

“Increasingly, sex workers, and everyone else, face the pressure to have a personal brand that corporations can mine for data. We need to figure out how to perform authenticity, and there are pros and cons to that. A major pro is that the more you’re able to be yourself, the more opportunity there is to connect with the people who resonate with that. The con is that you’re always on, and you have to figure out what your relationship to yourself is when everything about yourself is potentially available for consumption.”

*** Tina Horn ,

Sex Workers Built the Internet Roundtable Discussion,” April 22, 2022

***
Webcam
WebCam Magazine
Live Video Sex
Cam Girls Live
Live Sex No Download
See And Be Seen!
Dreamzotic Video Streaming
Video Secrets
Live Sex Show
Live XXX

6.
Organizing new networks

Marginalized workers found each other online, sharing information, harm reduction tools, and personal and political narratives. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Tech for communal care

Marginalized workers found each other online, sharing information, harm reduction tools, and personal and political narratives. Much of this innovation came in the form of harm reduction technologies. As low cost or free self-publishing tools opened up access and eliminated the need for gatekeepers like webmasters or production companies, workers moved existing safety tools, like bad date lists and customer screening techniques, online, and created new ones.

“[With new tools], sex workers are actually in control of the places where they can promote their work. And you see communal safety, people advertising for each other, figuring out ways to make sure there’s mutual aid.”

*** Gabriella Garcia ,

Sex Workers Built the Internet Roundtable Discussion,” April 22, 2022

***
A screenshot of a webpage titled "Model Links" shows a line of cameo-style portraits of women, the edges feathered, above a list of hyperlinked names

1998

Model Links

Source

“We started creating these gallery pages that featured thumbnails of the models on your friends list. And then when someone would click that image it would take them to their website. So this was a really innovative way of being able to drive traffic.”

*** Sinnamon Love,

Digital Stimulation: Sex Invents the Internet,” 2021

***
A purple oval banner puts the headline DATE CHECK over a crude drawing of a prone woman

2003

Date Check adult entertainment verification

Source

Small print ads, illustrated with clip art, advertise services with the headlines Bad Tricks and Bad Calls

2000

Starting a Bad Trick Sheet

First published in CASH (Coalition Advocating Safer Hustling) Newsletter Vol. 2 No. 3 July 1995), reposted to walnet.org. Source

“The popularity and ease of self-publishing on the Internet via blogs and websites has led to the rise of public bad-date lists and blacklists. This is due, in part, to the ease with which workers can put up and update their own sites.”

*** Audacia Ray,

Naked on the Internet: hookups, downloads, and cashing in on Internet sexploration, 2007

***
Screenshot of a log in page for verifyhim.com

2011

VerifyHim.com – Client Screening for Escorts

“A Client Screening Tool for Escorts. Don’t date a client you don’t know! Research your client background with Verifyhim.com. Avoid abuse clients, time wasters, fake sugar daddies” Source

“Things like this popped up because sex workers needed a way to be able to share information with one another about who was a bad client. They started off in public spaces like this Blogspot site, and then later moved to more private, backchannel forums, listservs, or mailing lists. We needed to be able to share information about clients who were causing harm to sex workers… Tools like this really allowed sex workers to be able to work safely.”

*** Sinnamon Love,

Sex Workers Built the Internet Roundtable Discussion,” April 22, 2022

***
Under a large, all caps headline reading "Don't fuck with us!" an entry instructs escorts and masseurs on "how to use this site"

2011

Don’t Fuck With Us!

Source

“This website is a tool, intended to help you from booking a no-show appointment, dealing with someone who doesn’t pay you what you asked, or any other negative experiences that may arise in this discreet, service-based world that we inhabit.”

*** Lars,

Don’t Fuck With Us!,” blacklistednow.blogspot.com, 2011

***
AdultKey Verification Service
VerifyHim.com #1 Client Verification for
Privat-Eyes - The internet's premium adult verification service
Net Verifier
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Validate Inc. Age Verification System

Sharing resources

Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem.

A banner ad for SexWork.com shows a sunset over mountains and a psychedelic swirl

2005

Sexwork Cyber Resource Center

Source

Over a fiery flame patterned background, The Woman at the Well displays links for chat rooms and message boards

2001

The Woman at the Well

“The meeting point for Sex Industry Workers – NOT their clients.” Source

Over a light blue background, a cartoon of a threatening cop looms over the title

2000

If cops want to talk to you…

Published by Sex Workers Alliance of Vancouver. Source

The title is flanked by small globes partially encircled by huge "WWW" letters

1998

Why Such A Serious Sex Work Center Without Sexy Pictures

Sex Worker Cyber Resource & Support Center. Source

A bold newspaper-style headline reads "Street Walking the World" above a newspaper layout

2000

STREETWALKING THE WORLD Online magazine for internet escorts

Source

Screenshot of $pread Blog's homepage with a blog theme in dark maroon and bright pink

2007

$pread Blog – Illuminating the sex industry

Source

Over a bright yellow background, text is interspersed with bold, black and magenta line drawings of a heart and a stick figure

2001

Who I have sex with is my business, Bodyworkers’ Wellness Program

Source

“When I first started FSSW [full-service sex work] if it was not for Tumblr & other sites I would have had absolutely no idea how to screen & stay safe.”

*** Survey respondent,

Quoted in “Erased: The Impact of FOSTA-SESTA and the Removal of Backpage,” Danielle Blunt and Ariel Wolf, Hacking/Hustling, 2020

***

“Everything I know about being safe in sex work is because I was able to speak to other sex workers online.”

*** Survey respondent,

Quoted in “Erased: The Impact of FOSTA-SESTA and the Removal of Backpage,” Danielle Blunt and Ariel Wolf, Hacking/Hustling, 2020

***
HIV InfoWeb
AIM HealthCare Foundation
Prostitute's Safe Sex Project
Whore Board
Red Light Magazine
Syringe
How to have safer sex! X-rated
Healthy Hustling: Play Safe Too!
Commercial Sex Information Service
The Cyprian Guild

Activism and organizing

Sex workers have been organizing long before the internet, but new networks introduced new avenues for political organizing. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem.

“As sex workers use technology for work, sex workers also use technology to organize.”

*** Kate D’Adamo,

Digital Stimulation: Sex Invents the Internet,” 2021

***
The word "whore," hand written in graffiti style, fades in and out over the words "activist network"

1998

Whore Activist Network logo

“This page has no dirty pictures. This page is not a sex worker review. This site is about sex worker activism and activists.” From Home of the Whore Activist: A Brief Introduction. Source

“I don’t even have to have people’s phone numbers, these are just people who I’ve had sex with for money on camera. And that’s like actually the only relationship I had with a lot of them, and yet, and we’ve never talked about politics, and yet we could go on Twitter and we could organize a fucking movement and stop the bill from passing.”

*** Lorelei Lee,

FOSTA, Section 230 and Digital Gentrification,” 2021

***
On a peach background, a bright, pastel drawing of a swan in an oval shape sits above the title "BAYSWAN WEBSITE"

1997

BAYSWAN: Bay Area Sex Workers Advocacy Network: Prostitution-Exotic Dancing

Source

“Creating a community, creating how the work happens behind the scenes is just as important as creating a tech platform.”

*** Yin Q ,

Decoding Stigma: Designing for Sex Worker Liberatory Futures,” The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, 2021

***
Friendly clip art of a nurse and bandage accompany information about St. James Infirmary

2001

St. James Infirmary

“We are the first occupational safety and health clinic for sex workers anywhere run by and for sex workers!” Source

Simple white text on a black background includes a list of names, locations, and murder details

2001

The Virtual Sexworkers Memorial Quilt

“LEST THEY BE FORGOTTEN:” Source

“In addition to thinking about how sex workers contribute to technology, it’s important to be real about the fact that there are huge limitations to what kinds of tech can be made in the erotic industry.”

*** Thea Luce,

Design & Technology Decoding Stigma x Cloud Salon – Veil Machine,” Parsons Design & Technology, 2021

***
Text written in Finnish surrounds a silhouetted illustration of a woman in spike heels holding a sign that says "Human rights to all"

2007

United Sex Professionals of Finland

Source

Decriminalize Now!! Model Legislation
Exotic Dancers' Alliance
SWAV
SWEAT
Coyote
nSwp
zi teng
danzine
SWOP USA
Prostitutes of New York
SWAT
cop and woman
Join F.L.O.P. Friends and Lovers of Prostitutes
Lifeline Sex Work Project
COYOTE - Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics
Prostitutes' Education Network
SWOPWA Sexy Streeties Project
Danzine

Notes

Tech for Communal Care, grid (left to right, top to bottom):

  1. https://web.archive.org/web/19990208011148/http:/www.adultkey.com/
  2. https://web.archive.org/web/20110112065030/http:/www.verifyhim.com/
  3. https://web.archive.org/web/19990208015722/http:/www.privat-eyes.com/
  4. https://web.archive.org/web/20040823054255/http:/netverifier.com/cgi-bin/join.exe?200
  5. https://web.archive.org/web/20010516230853/http:/adultstrategy.com/
  6. https://web.archive.org/web/19990910002551/http:/www.quickstep.com/stdscript/18main.cgi?info:1130
  7. https://web.archive.org/web/19990208021155/http:/www.validate.com/
  8. https://web.archive.org/web/20110112065030/http:/www.verifyhim.com/
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/19961219160805/http:/validate.com/

Sharing Resources, grid:

  1. https://web.archive.org/web/20020813001759/http:/www.infoweb.org/
  2. https://web.archive.org/web/20010106194200/http:/aim-med.org/newsletter-spring00.html
  3. https://web.archive.org/web/20001018033854/http:/www.walnet.org/csis/groups/maggies/index.html
  4. https://web.archive.org/web/19980625193710fw_/http:/www.whoreact.net/whoreboardindex.html
  5. https://web.archive.org/web/19961231101549/http:/www.redlightnet.com/
  6. https://web.archive.org/web/20001031170056/http:/www.walnet.org/csis/groups/maggies/safersex.html
  7. https://web.archive.org/web/20001031170056/http:/www.walnet.org/csis/groups/maggies/safersex.html
  8. https://web.archive.org/web/20001017163354/http:/www.walnet.org/csis/groups/swav/healthcards/hustling.html
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/19990220021611/http:/www.walnet.org/csis/
  10. https://web.archive.org/web/19990220133936/http:/sexwork.com/subcontents/LinksToGuides.html

Activism and Organizing, grid:

  1. https://web.archive.org/web/20040610130826/http:/bayswan.org/penet.html
  2. https://web.archive.org/web/19971224195212/http:/bayswan.org/
  3. https://web.archive.org/web/19970624101406/http:/bayswan.org/penet.html
  4. https://web.archive.org/web/20020525185058/http:/www.sweat.org.za/
  5. https://web.archive.org/web/19990220133936/http:/sexwork.com/subcontents/LinksToGuides.html
  6. https://web.archive.org/web/20021005070349/http:/www.nswp.org/index.html
  7. https://web.archive.org/web/20000817012715/http:/www.dg21.com/~ziteng/
  8. https://web.archive.org/web/19970624101406/http:/bayswan.org/penet.html
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/20040319203547/http:/www.pony-ny.org:80/
  10. https://web.archive.org/web/20040319203547/http:/www.pony-ny.org:80/
  11. https://web.archive.org/web/20001018172107/http:/www.walnet.org/csis/groups/swat/index.html
  12. https://web.archive.org/web/19970624102224/http:/bayswan.org/spend.html
  13. https://web.archive.org/web/19970624102224/http:/bayswan.org/spend.html
  14. https://web.archive.org/web/19990420124022/http:/www.lifeline.demon.co.uk/sex/sexwork.html
  15. https://web.archive.org/web/19970624102044/http:/bayswan.org/COYOTE.html
  16. https://web.archive.org/web/20040610130826/http:/bayswan.org/penet.html
  17. https://web.archive.org/web/20021206020121/http:/members.iinet.net.au/~whch/swopwa/gallery%20output/index.html
  18. https://web.archive.org/web/19970624102002/http:/bayswan.org/danzine.html